Aeroplane



Dec. 26, 1922. 1,41%,293. J. HA Y E S.

AEROPLANE.

FILED FEB. 15. 1922. LQISHEETSSHEET 1.

Dec. 26, 1922. L44293L J. HAYES.

AEROPLANE.

FILE-D FEB. 15, 1922. a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. HAYES.

AERQPLANE.

FILED FEB. 15. 1922.

Dec. 26 1922.

3 SHEETS SHEET 3.

Patented Dec. 26, 1922.

Y entrain stares cornice-o JOHN HAYES, OF BELLE VERNON, PENNSYLVANIA.

AERUPLANE.

Application filed February '15, 1922. Serial. Etc. 536,725);

junction with an aeroplane to assist in rectiyering from nose dives, tail spins and the li e.

An important object of the invention is to provide a device of this character which readily lends itself to the structure of planes now in common use and which may be readily released by the operator of the plane when so desired.

A further object of the invention is to provide a-device of this character which maybe inserted between the empennage and body structure of an aeroplane without materially altering the present construction thereof.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent throughout the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention and wherein like reference characters designate like parts throughout:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the rear end of the fuselage of an aeroplane constructed in accordance with my inventiton;

Figure'2 is a plan view thereof;

Figure 3 is 'a longitudinal vertical sectional View taken therethrough;

Figure 4c is a plan view thereof, parts being broken away;

Figure 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a section taken on the line 6'6 of Figure 4.;

Figure 7 is a section taken on the line 7 7 of Figure 4; and

Figure 8. 's a section taken on the line 8-8 of Figure t.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the device in the present illustration is in the form of a connecting-member 10 disposed intermediate the body proper, as indicated at 11, and the empennage 12 of the aeroplane, the connecting member being rigidly secured to the body through the me dium of longitudinal braces 13 extending through the connecting member and secured to the stabilizer structure 14 of the empennage, as at 15.

Secured to the longitudinal brace members 13 and extending inwardly thereof are members 16 which preferably abut against the forward edge'of the stabilizer structure 14;. At the forward end of the connecting member 10 a transverse brace 16 connects the longitudinal brace members 13 and at each side of the frame adjacent the longitudinal brace members guides 17 are disposed, hav- 7c ing their ends mounted in the'support members 16 and in the transverse brace 16. Each of the guide members 17 have slidably mounted thereon a yoke 18. The transverse brace member 16 has formed therein a rectangular opening in which is secured a longitudinally ektending hollow rectangular guide member 20, the upper and lower members of which are secured to the upper and lower surfaces of the stabilizer structure 14,

a spacing member 21 being interposed between one of such upper and lower members and the stabilizer structure for a purpose hereinafter to appear. A yoke .22 is slidably mounted upon the rectangular guide member 20.

Secured to the outer face of longitudinal side members 13 is a side member or plate 23, each of the side members be ing bifurcated permit passage therethrough of the stabilizer structure. The forward ends of the side members 23 extend slightly forwardly of the transverse brace 16 and have secured thereto a transversely extending baffle memher 25 which prevents the passage of air longitudinally of the fuselage into the connecting member 10. Pivotally connected at their rear ends to members 26 secured to the upper and lower surfaces of the stabilizer struc- MM) ture, as at 27, are upper and lower plane sections 28 and 29 which may hereinafter be referred to as checking planes. These planes embody in their structure longitudinally extending side braces 30 and center braces 31. 11%

Each center brace 31 has pivotally connected thereto one end of a link 32, the opposlte end of which is pivotally connected to the corresponding side of the yoke 22, and each side brace 30 has pivotally connected thereto one He each of the i at its rear end, as at 2a., to at) member being flush with the surface of the however, it have body 11. The plane structures 28 and 29 will, of course, be provided with a suitable fabric covering 34.

Each guide member 17 has secured thereto adjacent the rear end thereof a stop member 35 which limits the movement of its yoke 18 and each yoke 18 has secured thereto at least one spring 36, the opposite end of which is secured to the frame work at some selected point, at present indicated as the support members 26 upon which the.

plane sections are pivotally mounted. These springs tend to shift the yokes 18 toward the stop members 35 and accordingly, because of the link connections between the yokes and the plane sections, to open the plane sections to the position shown in Figure 1. Normally, movement of these sections is prevented by a latch member 37 mounted upon the bafiie member 25 and controlled from an operating lever 38 situated adjacent the operators seat 39 in the cock pit of the machine, the lever 38 being connected with the latch, as at 40, so that operation of the lever will withdraw the latch. Upon such withdrawal the springs move the planes to the open position where they aflord resistance to head motion whether the same be in horizontal flight or in vertical flight sue-has occurs in a nose dive. These planes will also afford resist ance against the movement of the tail which occurs during a tail spin and will materially assist the operator in regaining control of the machine. Y

The plane sections 28 and 29 may be closed in any desired manner, as manually, after landing. In the present instance, shown the lower section of the tubular guide member 20 as provided with a slot 41 and the yoke 22 with a lug 42 extending upwardly into thehollow in: terior of the guide member 20. To this lug 42 is secured a flexiblev element 43 which extends through an opening 44 formed in the bafie plate 25 and is connected to a pivoted operating lever 45 arranged adjacent the operators seat. When the planes are in open position, they may, by engaging the operating lever, be closed, the flexible element 43 shifting the yoke longitudinally and moving the planes to the closed position. The planes in closing engagd the latch 37 and withdraw the same against the action of its spring 46 and after the plane has passed the latch -is again projected by the spring, locking the same in position. The controls of the empennage may be mounted in any desired manner but because of the opening of the planes it is desirable that none of these controls pass over the planes. They may be mounted either longitudinally and interiorly of the connecting they are connected to the tail 50 in any de-' sired manner. Theelevator controls 51 are shown as passin to the sides of the connecting member 10 in order that both manners of mounting the controls may be illustrated.

From the foregoing it is believed to be obvious that l have constructed a head motion checking device which is particularly well adapted for use in that it is readily adaptable to the structure of planes at pres ent in common use and in that it may be readily operated. It will furthermore be obvious that the construction as hereinbefore set forth is capable of some change and modification without materially departing from the spirit of my invention and I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to such structure except as hereinafter claimedl What it claim is:

l. A member disposed intermediate the body and empennage of an aeroplane and embodying plane sections pivoted at their rear ends to said member, means urging the free ends of-saidsections outwardly from the member, releasable means holding said free ends in engagement with the member, and a bafile plate arranged intermediate the body and said member.

2. A member disposed intermediate the body and empennage of an aeroplane and embodying plane sections pivoted at their rear ends to said member and movable to open and closed positions, said sections when in closed position forming a continuation of the body line'of the plane and when in. open position affording resistance to'head motion of the plane, guides carried by the member intermediate said plane sections, yokes slidable upon the uides, link connections between each of t e yokes and each of said. plane members, and means urging certain of the yokes in a direction to move the plane sections to the open position.

3. A member disposed intermediateihe body and empennage of an aeroplane and embodying plane sections pivoted at their rear ends to said member and movable to open and closed positions, said sections when in closed position forming a continuation of the body line of the plane and when in open position afiording resistance to head motion of the plane, guides carried by the member intermediate said plane sections, yokesslidable upon the guides, link connections between each of the yokes' and each of said plane members, means urging certain'of tlie yokes in a direction to move the plane sections to the open position, a latch normally holding the plane sections in the closed position, and meansfor releasing said holding means to permit said sectionsto assume the open position under the influence of said okes. y 4:. A member disposed intermediate the body and empennageof an aeroplane and embodying plane sections pivoted attheir rear ends to said member and movable to open and closed positions, said sections when in closed position forming a' cont1nuation of the body line of the plane and when in open position affording resistance to head motion of the plane, guides carried by the member intermediate said plane sections, yokes slidable upon the guides, link connections between each of the yokes and each of said plane members, means'urging certain of the yokes in a direction to, move the plane sections to the open position, means normally holding the plan sections 1n the closed position, means for releaslng sa1d holding means intermediate the open and closed positions, said sections when r in closed po'sitionforming a continuation of the body line of the plane and when in open position affording resistance to head motion of the plane, guides carried by the member intermediate said plane. sections, yokes slidable upon the guides, iinkconnections between each of the yokes and each of said plane members, means urging certain of the yokes in a direction to move the plane sections to the open position, latching means normally holding the plane sections in the closed position, means for releasing said holding means to permit said sections to assume the open position under the influence of said yokes, means engaged with one of said yokes for shifting the yokes in 'a direction opposite to the direction of movement imparted thereto by said urging means, one of said uide members being tubular, and

control e ements for a shiftable element of the empennage extending longitudinally of said guide.

in testlmony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

JQHN HAYES.v 

